Toward a statistical mechanical theory for water: Analytical theory for a short-ranged reference system

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Starting from a realistic Hamiltonian and making use of recent findings that the properties of associating fluids are determined primarily by short-ranged interactions, this methodology has been implemented using statistical mechanical approaches and thermodynamic perturbation theory for the TIP4P model of water. We focus on the short-range reference system for which an analytic expression for the Helmholtz free energy is derived. It is found that the model (reference system) exhibits, in addition to a faithful representation of the structure of water, the same features that are characteristic for real water, namely, (i) the temperature of the density maximum and its pressure dependence, including the inflection point at high pressures and (ii) the temperature minima of the constant pressure heat capacity and the coefficient of isothermal compressibility.