Usefulness of an early neurofunctional assessment in predicting neurodevelopmental outcome in very low birthweight infants

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether early neurofunctional assessment may be useful in predicting neurodevelopmental outcome in children of very low birth weight (VLBW). DESIGN: Observational longitudinal study. SETTINGS: Northern Italy. PATIENTS: A total of 250 VLBW children (129 boys, 121 girls) born consecutively 1996-1999. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Neurodevelopment at 36 months of chronological age, classified in accordance with the classification of Tardieu and the International classification of functioning. RESULTS: Of the infants exhibiting normal neurodevelopment (n = 183) or major dysfunction (n = 17) at 3 months of corrected age, 72% and 94% respectively did not change their score during the study. Minor dysfunctions at 3 months of corrected age were transient in 17 (34%) children. After adjustment for neonatal variables, neurodevelopment at 3 months of corrected age remained predictive of dysfunction at 36 months (odds ratio = 4.33, 95% confidence interval 2.05 to 9.12). If the results for the normal and minor dysfunction groups were pooled, the predictive qualities of the 3 month neurofunctional assessment were: sensitivity 0.5, specificity 0.99, positive predictive value 0.94, negative predictive value 0.93. CONCLUSION: Early neurofunctional evaluation may be useful in predicting later neurodevelopmental outcome in VLBW children.