We censused shorebirds along 4 km of southern California rocky shoreline in 1969-1973 when kelp was absent, and in 1985-1986 after kelp had been restored. Nonparametric regression was combined with a multi-level bootstrap to show that the recent counts were substantially higher than the previous years for those wintering species most specifically associated with rocky shorelines. Black and Ruddy Turnstones, two species frequently seen feeding on algal windthrow in 1984-1986, displayed the most dramatic increases. Kelp restoration has apparently enhanced wintering shorebird numbers along the Palos Verdes Peninsula of California.
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Bradley et al. (1993) studied this question.
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