The method of lithium-beam charge exchange spectroscopy is used to determine the density of C6+ and He2+ impurity ions at the edge of the ASDEX Upgrade tokamak plasma. Spectrally resolved measurements are used. l-level resolved atomic capture cross sections are corrected for collisional mixing. The absolute calibration relies on simultaneous beam emission spectroscopy. Together with detailed beam attenuation modeling, impurity ion densities can be measured with good accuracy.
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Wolfrum et al. (2006) studied this question.
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