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A three-dimensional (3D) simulation is established for bladder cancer development. Distribution of cancer cells is obtained by using a Monte Carlo procedure. The tumor blocks are meshed with uniform hexahedral microelements. Each element is assessed on its cancer growth probability (CGPi) during a time interval. The CGPi value is related to the growth of tumors. In this study, the exponential growth of tumors is considered. Factors associated with the immune system, medication, and other cell conditions were not yet included. The 3D computational modeling is anticipated to develop patient-specific simulation towards clinical management.
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Chia Jung Chang (2018) studied this question.
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