We theoretically demonstrate a method for producing the maximally path-entangled state (1/√2)(|N,0〉+exp[iNφ]|0,N〉) using intensity-symmetric multiport beam splitters, single photon inputs, and either photon-counting postselection or conditional measurement. The use of postselection enables successful implementation with non-unit efficiency detectors. We also demonstrate how to make the same state more conveniently by replacing one of the single photon inputs by a coherent state.
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Pryde et al. (2003) studied this question.
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