The microhardness and fracture toughness of laser nanocrystalline ceramics based on the cubic oxides Y 2 O 3 and Y 3 Al 5 O 12 are determined experimentally. It is shown by comparative measurements that the fracture toughness and microhardness of Y 2 O 3 ceramics exceed the corresponding parameters of Y 2 O 3 single crystals by factors of 2.5 and 1.3, respectively. The fine morphology of grains and grain boundaries in fractures is investigated. It is ascertained that changes in the mechanical properties of the nanocrystalline ceramics under study are related to both the sizes and structure of grains and the structure of grain boundaries. It is suggested that twinning processes determine the mechanisms of formation of nanocrystalline ceramics.
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Kaminskii et al. (2005) studied this question.
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