Other forms of oxidized LDL: Emerging functions (Review)

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease related to subendothelial accumulation of the oxidized forms of low-density lipoproteins (LDLs). The mechanisms through which LDLs are oxidized in the system remain controversial. In the present review article, an LDL oxidized by myeloperoxidase is proposed as the most pathophysiological model of LDL oxidation. This would facilitate future studies and may aid in the development of more effective methods with which to elucidate the molecular pathways that are promoted by myeloperoxidase-oxidized LDLs (Mox-LDL) in endothelial cell dysfunction and macrophage activation. This may also aid scientists in the further understanding of the molecular pathobiology of atherosclerosis and in the improvement of treatment methods.