Granulosa cells harvested from large preovulatory follicles of rhesus monkeys at days 12–14 of the menstrual cycle luteinized in culture; they increased in size and cytoplasmic-nuclear ratio, accumulated numerous cytoplasmic granules and lipid droplets and secreted elevated levels of progestins (90–200 pg/cell/day) up to 6 days in culture. Progestin secretion rates and cell numbers decreased gradually after this time. Cells harvested from small 1 mm follicles did not luteinize. Cells harvested from intermediate-sized follicles of monkeys from day 7 t o 11 of the cycle luteinized partially or not at all. Addition of human LH or FSH alone to cultures of granulosa cells harvested from 1 mm follicles of monkeys at all stages of the cycle did not induce luteinization; however, a mixture of LH and FSH did induce luteinization in these cultures. In contrast, addition of human LH or FSH alone to cultures of granulosa cells harvested from medium-sized follicles of monkeys from day 7 to 11 of the cycle induced morphological luteinization and prolonged progestin secretion beyond 6 days up to at least 27 days of culture. (Endocrinology87: 49, 1970)
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Cornelia P. Channing (1970) studied this question.