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This work presents a study of the distribution of Yb3+ ions in LiNbO3 and LiNbO3:MgO using cooperative luminescence as a probe. The cooperative rate is measured as a function of Yb3+ concentration in the samples. After comparing the experimental results with simple possibilities for rare earth distribution, a model for the distribution of Yb3+ ions is proposed, in which a fraction of the dopant ions forms pairs with an Yb3+ ion placed at Li+ site and the other one at Nb5+ site, while the rest of the ions are randomly placed at Li+ sites. Moreover, the codoping with MgO enhances the cooperative emission and this is discussed in terms of a more efficient redistribution of Yb3+ ions to Nb5+ sites.
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Montoya et al. (2001) studied this question.
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