Experimental equipment for the precise oblique-impact shock study of solids in several 10 s of GPa region was developed. A powder gun with a keyed launcher (keyed-powder gun), which is capable of accelerating projectiles of 20–40 g in weight without rotation to velocities of even greater than 2 km/s, was produced for the first time. The gun has a double-wall structure launcher with a key whose muzzle shape resembles an old moon (basic bore diameter is 27 mm). Measurement of projectile velocities in the launcher by the reflected-light method, including a logic trigger circuit for shock-wave measurements, is combined with this gun. It was confirmed that the parallel-plate impact experiment (normal type or oblique type), in which the tilt angle of parallel plates is less than 0.18° could be performed, allowing precise measurements of impact velocity and shock-wave data by electrical and optical methods. Further, the keyed-powder gun should find other widespread applications, e.g., for hypervelocity-aerodynamic simulation study.
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Mashimo et al. (1984) studied this question.