Electrolytic Disorders in Senegalese SARS-CoV-2 Infected Subjects

Background and Objective: The binding of SARS-CoV-2 to ACE2 inhibits the action of the latter on the RAAS (Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System), which could increase blood pressure and disturbances in the hydroelectrolyte balance. The objective of this study was to determine the electrolyte profile of patients with COVID-19. Materials and Methods: Within that framework, a 3-month retrospective analytical study of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 was conducted, admitted at Dalal Jamm Hospital and Aristide Le Dantec Hospital. Data were collected from the laboratory records of the said hospitals and included age, sex, clinical information (symptoms, underlying diseases and clinical forms) and blood ionogram results (natraemia and kalaemia). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software. Results: About 745 patients were recruited. The mean age of the study population was 54.2218.53 with a sex ratio of 1.15. Ten percent of the population had a severe form. Hypertension was the most frequent comorbidity (14.53%) followed by diabetes (11.73%). The most frequent electrolyte disorders were hyponatremia (13.02%) and hyperkalemia (6.97%). They were more frequent in men, elderly subjects, those with a severe form of the disease and those with comorbidities. Conclusion: This data suggested a disturbance of the hydro electrolytic homeostasis in subjects infected by SARS-CoV-2. It appears to be associated with age, gender, disease severity and the presence of comorbidity.