Meromorphic Painlevé III transcendents and the Joukowski correspondence

We study a twistor correspondence based on the Joukowski map reduced from one for stationary-axisymmetric self-dual Yang–Mills and adapt it to the Painlevé III equation. A natural condition on the geometry (axis-simplicity) leads to solutions that are meromorphic at the fixed singularity at the origin. We show that it also implies a quantization condition for the parameter in the equation. From the point of view of generalized monodromy data, the condition is equivalent to triviality of the Stokes matrices and half-integral exponents of formal monodromy. We obtain canonically defined representations in terms of a Birkhoff factorization whose entries are related to the data at the origin and the Painlevé constants. Communicated by: Dr.