Modeling piezoceramic actuation of beams in torsion

This paper develops a one-dimensional model to predict the coupled extension, bending and torsion response of a beam subject to piezoceramic strain actuation. The effects of cross-sectional warping are shown to be negligible for thin rectangular isotropic beams. The impact of adhesive shear lag, on the other hand, is measurable, especially in the torsional response. Experimental test results show that the models are accurate up to a 45O actuator orientation with respect to the beam axis even though detailed strain data indicate that the local strain state is highly two-dimensional . Nomenclature