Electrooptic Mach-Zehnder interferometers with active lengths as small as 350 mu m are discussed. These strip-loaded waveguide devices utilize the electrooptic effect in InGaAsP/InP quantum wells to achieve pi phase shift with single arm drive voltages of 12 V and 6 V drive in push-pull operation.>
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Zucker et al. (1990) studied this question.
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