This paper describes the design and performance of micromachined, self-focusing acoustic-wave liquid ejector (AWLE) that requires no heat, nozzle, nor acoustic lens. The AWLE has a very simple device structure and is easy to fabricate. Three versions of AWLE have been designed, fabricated, and tested for an ink-jet printing application. Also developed are computer simulation and design aids that take into account the acoustic loss in water and the two-time wave reflections at the water-air and water-transducer interfaces. The AWLE has been observed to eject water droplets of about 5 /spl mu/m in diameter with radio frequency (RF) pulses of 5 /spl mu/s pulsewidth. Overall, the AWLE has been shown to be capable of improving the printing resolution and speed of ink-jet printing significantly.
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Huang et al. (2001) studied this question.