Evidence of Black Hole Spin in GX 339-4: XMM-Newton /EPIC-pn and RXTE Spectroscopy of the Very High State

We have analyzed spectra of the Galactic black hole GX 339Ϫ4 obtained through simultaneous 76 ks XMM-Newton/EPIC-pn and 10 ks Rossi X-Ray Timing Explorer observations during a bright phase of its [2002][2003] outburst.An extremely skewed, relativistic Fe Ka emission line and ionized disk reflection spectrum are revealed in these spectra.Self-consistent models for the Fe Ka emission-line profile and disk reflection spectrum rule out an inner disk radius compatible with a Schwarzschild black hole at more than the 8 j level of confidence.The best-fit inner disk radius of (2-3) suggests that GX 339Ϫ4 harbors a black hole with (where r a ≥ 0.8-0.9g and , and assuming that reflection in the plunging region is relatively small).This 2 2 r p GM/c ap cJ/GM g confirms indications for black hole spin based on a Chandra spectrum obtained later in the outburst.The emission line and reflection spectrum also rule out a standard power-law disk emissivity in GX 339Ϫ4; a broken powerlaw form with enhanced emissivity inside ∼ gives improved fits at more than the 8 j level of confidence.The 6r g extreme red wing of the line and the steep emissivity require a centrally concentrated source of hard X-rays that can strongly illuminate the inner disk.Hard X-ray emission from the base of a jet-enhanced by gravitational light-bending effects-could create the concentrated hard X-ray emission; this process may be related to magnetic connections between the black hole and the inner disk.We discuss these results within the context of recent results from analyses of XTE J1650Ϫ500 and MCG Ϫ6-30-15, and of models for the inner accretion flow environment around black holes.