Highly efficient top emitting 850 nm resonant cavity LEDs (RCLEDs) with and without selectively oxidised current windows have been realised and compared. The oxidised RCLEDs have an increased efficiency, due to a larger carrier injection efficiency. The best devices show a 14% overall quantum efficiency, and a voltage drop of 1.8 V at 3 mA drive current.
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Bockstaele et al. (1999) studied this question.
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