This is the authors' abstract. We don't add key points for this paper.
Transverse mode characteristics and control for vertical-cavity top-surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) are discussed. A spatial filtering concept for the control of VCSEL transverse modes that allows over 1.5-mW single TEM/sub 00/ transverse mode emission to be routinely achieved from continuous-wave electrically excited VCSELs is introduced. Without spatial filtering, L-I and V-I kinks are observed.>
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
No takes yet. Share an insight, caveat, or question.
Morgan et al. (1993) studied this question.
Synapse has enriched 10 related papers. Consider them for comparative context: