Enhancement of vortex pinning by magnetic nanoparticles embedded into the bulk of a type-II superconductor is studied both theoretically and experimentally. Magnetic part of the pinning force associated with the interaction between a finite-size spherical magnetic inclusion and an Abrikosov vortex is calculated in the London approximation. Calculations are supported by the experimental results obtained on sonochemically modified MgB₂ superconductor with embedded magnetic Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles and compared to MgB₂ with nonmagnetic Mo₂O₅ pinning centers of similar concentration and particle size distribution. It is shown that ferromagnetic nanoparticles result in a considerable enhancement of vortex pinning in large-κ type-II superconductors.
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Snezhko et al. (2005) studied this question.
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