Distraction Osteogenesis of the Mandible for Airway Obstruction in Children

OBJECTIVES: Objectives of the study were to determine the effectiveness of distraction osteogenesis of the mandible to relieve airway obstruction in children with tongue-base airway obstruction and to describe the new surgical techniques developed for use in infants and young children. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective, nonrandomized study. METHODS: Analysis of 11 children with severe airway obstruction secondary to tongue-base obstruction was performed. Patients were between 2 weeks and 5.5 years of age. All patients underwent distraction osteogenesis of the mandible. RESULTS: Twelve distraction procedures in the 11 children in the study were accomplished; decannulation or extubation was successful in all children. CONCLUSION: Distraction osteogenesis of the mandible can be used to treat tongue-base airway obstruction in appropriately selected children.