An effective-index method is developed for analyzing the steady-state behavior of optical spatial solitons in nonlinear, planar waveguides. By converting a two-dimensional nonlinear waveguide into an approximate one-dimensional linear waveguide, this method simplifies the numerical calculation significantly. The applicability of the method is illustrated by a number of examples, including waveguides with nonlinearity in the cladding or the film.
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Chiang et al. (1993) studied this question.