This paper presents results of the finite element study on the behavior of a single pile in elastic-plastic soils. Pile behavior in uniform sand and clay soils as well as cases with a sand layer in a clay deposit and a clay layer in a sand deposit were analyzed using finite element modeling. Finite element results were used to generate p-y response curves, which were cross compared to investigate the soil layering effects.
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Yang et al. (2005) studied this question.
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