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The energy-loss rate due to axion bremsstrahlung in dense stars such as white dwarfs or neutron stars is calculated by taking into account the phonon contributions in the crystalline lattice state accurately. It is found that the phonon contributions amount to 50-70 percent of the state lattice contributions near the melting temperature. Accurate analytic fitting formulas for the axion bremsstrahlung rate are given.
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Nakagawa et al. (1988) studied this question.
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