On particle-based simulation of a dam break over a wet bed

This research presents particle-based simulations of a dam break on a wet bed by standard and improved versions of three particle methods, namely moving particle semi-implicit (MPS), incompressible smoothed particle hydrodynamics (ISPH) and weakly compressible smoothed particle hydrodynamics (WCSPH). The improved versions of these three methods are corrected MPS/ISPH (CMPS/CISPH) with a higher-order source term and WCSPH with a moving least square (MLS) density re-initialization. Direct comparisons of test photos and their corresponding simulation snapshots are made in terms of the reproduced free surface profile and simulated mixing processes. The work highlights potential capabilities of particle methods in reproducing detailed features of a dam break on a wet bed. A new viscosity reduction function is proposed for an efficient reproduction of backward breaking by WCSPH with an artificial viscosity term. The effect of bed friction is taken into account by applying a frictional drag force term usually applied in dissipative particle dynamics.