T he increased trend of antimicrobial resistance has become a global threat to human security, causing serious negative impacts on human, animal and environment.Inappropriate uses of antimicrobial are main drivers of the emergence of resistant bacteria [1].Combating AMR requires incountry multi-sectoral actions and global collective efforts using "One Health" approach.The Thai National Strategic Plan on AMR (2017-2021) was developed through a full engagement of stakeholders and National Health Assembly processes [2].The Thailand Cabinet endorsed it in August 2016.Two out of the five targets are 20% and 30% reduction in antimicrobial consumption in human and animal by 2021, respectively (see Box 1).To optimize use of antimicrobial agents in human and animal, as recommended by the WHO Global Action Plan [3], countries need to develop a sustainable system which monitors their consumption and disseminate the information for policy decision.For example, France had a high human antibiotic use in the EU, and implemented a national campaign which resulted in a significant reduction in consumption [4].This paper reviews international approaches on surveillance of antimicrobial consumption in human and animal, analyzes antimicrobial sales reporting systems and assesses how the surveillance system can be developed and sustained in Thailand.
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Tangcharoensathien et al. (2017) studied this question.