Oral health–related quality of life and associated factors in S outhern B razilian elderly

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to describe oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) and associated factors in elderly individuals treated at Family Health Units in urban areas of the city of Pelotas, Brazil. METHODS: The sample was composed of 438 individuals aged 60 years old or older. Demographic, socio-economic, general health and behavioural variables were collected using standardised questionnaires. OHRQoL was measured with the oral health impact profile (OHIP-14). Poisson regression analysis was employed to identify factors associated with OHRQoL. RESULTS: The mean total OHIP-14 score was 9.1 (standard deviation: 10.6), and major impacts were related to feeling conscious of psychological discomfort (28.1%) and difficulty eating (24.4%) due to teeth, mouth or dentures. The multivariate analysis revealed higher oral health impact scores among non-White individuals [Prevalence ratios (PR) = 1.33, 95% CI: 1.07-1.66; p = 0.011], those with depressive symptoms (PR = 1.61, 95% CI: 1.30-1.99; p < 0.001), tobacco users (PR = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.07-1.99; p = 0.016), non-denture users (PR = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.10-1.85, p = 0.008), those with a perceived need for dental treatment (PR = 1.99, 95% CI: 1.58-2.51; p < 0.001) and those with poor or very poor self-rated oral health (PR = 2.86, 95% CI: 1.93-4.24; p < 0.001). Lower scores were found among individuals aged 80 years or older (PR = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.33-0.82; p = 0.005) and those with household income of more than 1.5 times the minimum wage (PR = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.46-0.93; p = 0.018). CONCLUSIONS: The findings of the present study underscore the need for public policies aimed at reducing social inequalities and providing adequate dental treatment to improve OHRQoL among elderly individuals.