All-Solid Silicate Photonic Crystal Fiber Laser With 13.1 W Output Power and 64.5% Slope Efficiency

We demonstrate an all-solid Nd³⁺-doped silicate photonic crystal fiber with 13.1 W output power at 1061 nm and 64.5% slope efficiency. We also theoretically investigate and prove the effects of confinement loss and overlap fraction on a double-clad photonic crystal fiber laser. An innovative design is suggested to improve the laser beam quality.