An inherent electrostatic instability in a low-density single-ended Q machine is investigated theoretically and experimentally. Using the Penrose and Jackson analysis, the plasma is shown to be unstable with respect to ion-acoustic waves for all negative potentials of the cold plate except for a narrow band of values slightly more negative than the plasma potential. The prediction is experimentally confirmed.
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Estabrook et al. (1972) studied this question.
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