Why the study?
Hot phases of ALVC mimic acute myocarditis, and the differential diagnosis between ALVC progression and recently described Covid-19 vaccine-induced myocarditis requires clarification.
This case highlights the potential for Covid-19 mRNA vaccines to induce myocarditis in patients with underlying arrhythmogenic left ventricular cardiomyopathy, which can mimic the hot phases of disease progression.
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Warrants vigilance for myocarditis after mRNA vaccination in arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy; leaves open causality and generalizability.
Arrhythmogenic left ventricular cardiomyopathy (ALVC) is a rare heritable heart-muscle disorder characterized by a progressive loss of left ventricular myocardium and its replacement by fibrofatty tissue. Myocarditis is an inflammatory disease of the heart that may occur secondary to infections, immune system activation or exposure to drugs. Hot phases of ALVC present with chest pain and troponin rise, mimicking acute viral myocarditis and indicate a progression of the disease. Recently, myocarditis has also been described as an infrequent complication of coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) mRNA vaccines. We herein report for the first time a case of probable myocarditis induced by Covid-19 vaccine in a patient with previous medical history of ALVC. We aim to highlight the common characteristics of ALVC and Covid-19 vaccine myocarditis and work through the differential diagnosis of these two entities.
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Alania-Torres et al. (2021) studied this question.
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