Contemporary Prevalence and Prevention of Micronutrient Deficiencies in Refugee Settings Worldwide

Scant research has been conducted that systematically evaluates interventions to reduce micronutrient deficiencies in refugee populations, despite documentation of considerable prevalence and continued outbreaks of micronutrient deficiency among these populations. Refugees are especially at-risk for micronutrient deficiency given their circumstances of origin, current residential environment, and typical dependence upon food aid. Interventions promoting reduction of micronutrient deficiency in refugee settings, including food fortification and dietary diversification, are rarely systematically evaluated for impact in reducing micronutrient deficiency in refugee populations. As a result, little is known about the most effective prevention strategies for reduction of micronutrient deficiency in refugees. In fact, evidence suggests perhaps that nutritional interventions with demonstrated effectiveness in other populations and locales may not be readily adaptable to refugee situations. Sustainable prevention interventions aimed at reducing micronutrient deficiency in refugee populations need to be implemented and tested systematically to create an evidence base for good practice.