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BACKGROUND: Relapsing polychondritis (RP) is an uncommon immune-related disease with unknown causes. It is characterized by inflammation of cartilaginous or non-cartilaginous structures, such as the ears, nose, respiratory tract, eyes, and joints. Neurological involvement is rare in RP. CASE PRESENTATION: We report a case of pleocytosis in a 64-year-old man diagnosed as having RP with meningoencephalitis. The patient's condition markedly improved following methylprednisolone treatment. CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, this is the first report of recurrent pleocytosis in a patient with RP accompanied by meningoencephalitis. Steroid pulse therapy is effective in most cases, and early diagnosis is of importance.
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Cao et al. (2018) studied this question.
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