A novel electron-deficient building unit, dithienylthienothiophenebisimide, and its polymers (PTBIs) are reported. Organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells based on PTBIs as p-type material exhibit 8.0% efficiencies with open-circuit voltages higher than 1 V. Interestingly, PTBIs also function as n-type material in OPVs depending on the molecular structure. These polymers also exhibit p-channel, n-channel, and ambipolar behaviors in field-effect transistors.
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Saito et al. (2016) studied this question.
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