Why the study?
Clinical translation of the fetal Myocardial Performance Index is limited by poorly standardised methodology, where variations in technique, machine settings, caliper placement, and training affect values.
The Modified Myocardial Performance Index is a potentially useful tool for assessing fetal heart function, but standardized methodology is required for reliable clinical translation.
Mod-MPI may support fetal cardiac assessment in growth restriction and diabetes; leaves open prospective validation before routine adoption.
The Myocardial Performance Index (MPI) or Tei index, presented by Tei in 1995, is the ratio of the sum of the duration of the isovolumetric contraction time (ICT) and isovolumetric relaxation time (IRT) to the duration of the ejection time (ET). The Modified Myocardial Performance Index (Mod-MPI), proposed in 2005, is considered a reliable and useful tool in the study of fetal heart function in several conditions, such as growth restriction, twin-twin transfusion syndrome, maternal diabetes, preeclampsia, intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy, and adverse perinatal outcomes. Nevertheless, clinical translation is currently limited by poorly standardised methodology as variations in the technique, machine settings, caliper placement, and specific training required can result in significantly different MPI values. This review aims to provide a survey of the relevant literature on MPI, present a strict methodology and technical considerations, and propose future research.
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A 2021 study studied this question.
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