Films of solid solution in KNbO3–NaNbO3 (KNN) were deposited at 240 °C on (100)cSrRuO3∥(100)SrTiO3 substrates by the hydrothermal method. (K x Na1-x )NbO3 films with x = 0–1.0 were synthesized by changing the fraction of KOH in a solution of KOH and NaOH. The x in (K x Na1-x )NbO3 continuously changed with the volume fraction of KOH, while the deposition amount strongly depended on x. Epitaxial films with 100 orientation were obtained in the entire composition range and their out-of-plane lattice spacing changed with x. All the films showed ferroelectricity and their remanent polarization became larger than what above x = 0.58.
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Shiraishi et al. (2011) studied this question.