Challenges in digitalization in outdoor recreation: The example of the European pond turtle

The use of digital technologies, such as smartphones, GPS, apps, social media, has significantly changed recreational use in landscapes. Not only have the possibilities for route selection, navigation and quality of experience changed, but the possibilities for conservation management have been significantly influenced as well. These changes are illustrated using the example of the European pond turtle ( Emys orbicularis) and its habitat in the Donau-Auen National Park and digital data based on Strava, a popular fitness app. The data show a significant use of paths by outdoor recreationists outside the official trail system and a deterioration of habitats as a consequence. Against this background, challenges for recreational planning and the management of protected areas are discussed. Additional negative influences caused by climate change are likely to worsen the situation. Therefore, the protection of wet habitats of the pond turtle requires adapted visitor management and additional measures to ensure the reproduction of this endangered species close to the Viennese metropolitan area.