The concentration of cholesterol and triglyceride was measured in the cord blood of 747 infants born in Canberra during 1971 to 1972. The mean value for cholesterol was 76 mg/100 ml and for triglyceride 51 mg/100 ml. If hyperlipidæmia is defined as a value exceeding the mean by two standard deviations, neonatal hypercholesterolæmia occurred in 5% of the infants. Since hypercholesterolæmia can be modified by diet during the early years of life, identification and treatment of neonatal hyperlipidæmia offer a simple approach to the possible control of atherosclerosis.
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Barnes et al. (1972) studied this question.
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