Key result
Expatriate patients with acute myocardial infarction had significantly higher mean total cholesterol levels (4.38 mmol/L) compared to Saudi nationals (4.10 mmol/L), demonstrating that ethnicity significantly affects cardiovascular risk profiles.
Why the study?
Acute myocardial infarction is the leading cause of death in Saudi Arabia, but the role of ethnicity in its risk factors has been poorly investigated.
Cohort (n=18,746)
No
Ethnicity significantly influences the profile of cardiovascular risk factors in patients with acute myocardial infarction, highlighting the need for culturally tailored educational and preventive programs.
Ethnicity warrants consideration in AMI lipid assessment; leaves open optimal ethnicity-specific prevention strategies.
Acute Myocardial infarction is a non-communicable disease representing the leading cause of death in Saudi Arabia. Studying the ethnicity in its risk factors has been poorly investigated. Objectives: To compare risk factors among Saudi nationals and expatriates. Methods: A retrospective cohort study for patients admitted to the Cardiac Care Unit of one of the largest tertiary care hospitals in Tabuk diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction from September 2018 to August 2019. Risk factors were compared among groups on the basis of their ethnicity. There were significant differences between Saudis and expatriates in all measurable parameters indicating that a genetic factor contributes to the risk factors, which was proved by the significant differences between the Middle East North Africa and South Asia subgroups. Interestingly, the mean values of laboratory results were higher than Saudi populations. Conclusions: The disparity in lipid profile among the studied groups addresses the patient ethnicity should be considered during education programs for the risk factors of cardiovascular disease.
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Alharbe et al. (2022) conducted a cohort in Acute Myocardial Infarction (n=18,746). Expatriate ethnicity vs. Saudi national ethnicity was evaluated on Total cholesterol (mmol/L) (p=<0.05). Expatriate patients with acute myocardial infarction had significantly higher mean total cholesterol levels (4.38 mmol/L) compared to Saudi nationals (4.10 mmol/L), demonstrating that ethnicity significantly affects cardiovascular risk profiles.
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