High-field conduction in barium titanate

We present current–voltage studies of very thin (∼77nm) barium titanate single crystals up to 1.3GV∕m applied field. These show that the mechanism of leakage current at high fields is that of space charge limited conduction (SCLC) in a regime with a continuous distribution of traps, according to the original model of Rose [Phys. Rev. 97, 1538 (1955)]. This study represents a factor of ×5 in field compared with the early studies of BaTiO3 conduction [A. Branwood et al., Proc. Phys. Soc. London 79, 1161 (1962)]. Comparison is also given with ceramic multilayer barium titanate capacitors, and with variable range hopping [B. I. Shklovskii, Sov. Phys. Semicond. 6, 1964 (1973)], reported in SrTiO3 films [D. Fuchs, M. Adam, and R. Schneider, J. Phys. IV France 11, 71 (2001)].