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Representative travel times for 50 shocks in southern California indicate that transverse waves appear to leave the focus about half a second earlier, on the average, than longitudinal waves. If fault rupture is propagated with a speed greater than that of transverse waves, the originating of such waves along a moderately extended fault segment will completely explain the observations. An exact theory is given on the simplest assumptions.
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Gutenberg et al. (1943) studied this question.
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