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Three push-pull organic semiconductors, TPA- Th₃ -MMN (1), TPA-ThTT-MMN (2), and TPA-ThDTT-MMN (3), comprising a triphenylamine donor and a methylene malononitrile acceptor linked by various π -conjugated thiophene units were synthesized, and the effects of the π -conjugated bridging unit on the photovoltaic characteristics of solution-processed small-molecule organic solar cells based on these semiconductors were investigated. Planar bridging units with extended π -conjugation effectively facilitated intermolecular π-π packing interactions in the solid state, resulting in enhanced Jsc values of the SMOSCs fabricated with bulk heterojunction films.
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Lee et al. (2013) studied this question.
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