Masculinity, health behavior, and age: An examination of Hong Kong Chinese men.

Men suffer more severe chronic health conditions and have higher mortality for all leading causes of death. Research suggests that men who endorse more traditional constructions of masculinity are less likely to engage in health protective behavior. However, less attention has been paid to non-Western societies. Using a sample of Hong Kong Chinese men (N 220), the present study sought to examine the relationship between age, conformity to masculine norms, and health behavior. Younger age was associated with adaptive dietary behavior, greater engagement in preventive care behavior, and higher levels of social support. Playboy behavior was predictive of engagement with substance use, while heterosexual presentation, self-reliance, and emotional control were all positively associated with preventive care. These findings are discussed in relation to the Chinese cultural influence on masculinity, such as the importance of filial piety. The clinical implications of the findings are also discussed with suggestions for improving the health behavior and habits of older men in Hong Kong.