Periorbital aging characteristics and eye skincare behavior patterns among Chinese women: A large-sample cross-city study

Background The periorbital skin is particularly susceptible to aging owing to its unique anatomical structure. Daily eye skincare is widely recognized as relevant to aging management. However, research into the differences in eye skincare behavior patterns and practical solutions for Chinese women remains relatively scarce. Objective This study aimed to characterize periorbital aging among Chinese women, to investigate the heterogeneity of eye skincare behaviors across different age groups and cities, and to explore the associations between different skincare regimens and periorbital aging status. Materials and Methods A total of 5025 women aged 18–65 were recruited from six representative cities. Seven dimensions of periorbital aging were measured using non-invasive instruments: wrinkles, pigmentation, elasticity, pores, barrier function, suborbital structural changes, and ultrasonic structural changes (comprising 34 phenotypes in total). Detailed skincare behavior data were collected through standardized questionnaires. Results Periorbital aging followed a distinct age-stratifed trajectory, with rapid progression between the ages of 26 and 45. The prevalence and motivational profiles of eye skincare routines varied significantly across age groups and regions. Individuals aged 36–55 and residents of first-tier cities exhibited greater adherence to daily eye skincare routines. Inter-group comparisons indicated that behaviors such as frequent use, alternating morning and evening application, and using a combination of creams were associated with milder periorbital aging phenotypes. Given the cross-sectional design, these associations do not establish causality; they may reflect bidirectional relationships or unmeasured confounding. Conclusion The findings provide robust observational evidence that may inform personalized, age-targeted, and practice-specific skincare approaches, pending confirmation in longitudinal studies.