Distance and time corrections for PcP, PKP and P phases with small angles of emergence are determined. The distance corrections permit extension of a ray path from the observing station through the source to the surface. This results in surface focus distances for the phases which permits more consistent comparison of amplitudes for phases from earthquakes at different depths. Application of the corresponding time corrections results in a surface focus travel-time curve.
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Goetz G. R. Buchbinder (1969) studied this question.
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