Amphoteric latex colloids with permanently bound carboxyl and amine groups have been used to test the general theory of heterocoagulation. By varying the carboxyl-to-amine ratio, particles with isoelectric points between pH 5 and 8 were prepared and turbidimetric methods used to monitor both homo- and heterocoagulation behaviour. Close agreement between theory and experiment was observed, particularly in the case where the ratio of particle numbers was varied. Heterocoagulation between an amphoteric latex and a conventional latex was examined and evidence of regulation-type behaviour was obtained.
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James et al. (1977) studied this question.