Jiaogulan ( Gynostemma pentaphyllum ) has been widely used as a herbal tea, dietary supplement, and vegetable in Asian countries. In this study, six new gypenosides ( 1 – 6 ) were isolated from the aerial parts of G. pentaphyllum . Their molecular structures were elucidated through spectroscopic analysis and acid hydrolysis. Gypenosides 1 and 2 represented the first example of a dammar-21- O - glucopyranoside without any unsaturated functional group and a dammar-3- O -glucopyranosyl-25- O -glucopyranoside without any cyclization in the side chain, respectively. In addition, gypenosides 5 and 6 exhibited the first example of a 24-hydroperoxy-19-oxo-dammarane triterpenoid and 19-oxo-dammar-21- O -glucopyranoside with a saturated side chain, respectively. Gypenoside 5 was found to possess protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B inhibitory activity, with an IC 50 value of 8.2 ± 0.9 μM, and moderate cytotoxicity against human breast cancer cells MCF7, MCF7/ADR, and MDA-MB-231, with IC 50 values ranging from 10.5 ± 1.4 to 14.2 ± 2.6 μM. The outcome of the study provided crucial information regarding the structural diversity and health benefits of gypenosides.
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Wang et al. (2017) studied this question.
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