Norman, Lois, and Kagan, Irving G.: A preliminary report of an indirect fluorescent antibody test for detecting antibodies to cysts of Pneumocystis carinii in human sera. Am. J. Clin. Pathol. 58: 170–176, 1972. An indirect immunofluorescence screening test for detecting antibodies to Pneumocystis carinii in human serum is described. The antigen used was prepared from isolated pneumocystis cysts separated from human pulmonary tissue. Of 89 sera from patients with confirmed or provisionally diagnosed pneumocystis pneumonia in the United States, 46% were positive. Of 85 sera from healthy contacts in the home or hospital, 14% were positive serologically. None of 50 sera from healthy young Americans was reactive.
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Norman et al. (1972) studied this question.