Firefighter Perceptions of COVID-19 Mitigation Strategies and Messaging

OBJECTIVE: The COVID-19 pandemic presented significant public health and operational challenges for the fire service, exposing firefighters to heightened risks of infection and increased distrust and confusion. METHODS: This qualitative study explored US firefighters' perceptions of COVID-19-related protective measures and public health messaging. RESULTS: Interviews with 17 firefighters from diverse geographic regions revealed key themes, including communication challenges, trust and distrust in public health authorities, concerns about autonomy, and the controversial nature of mask usage and vaccination. CONCLUSIONS: Findings highlight the critical role of trust, transparency, and consistent messaging in effective science and health communication. Participants emphasized the need for evidence-based educational materials, proactive partnerships with health care providers, and enhanced training in research literacy. These insights provide actionable recommendations for fire service leaders, city managers, and public health officials to develop tailored, trust-building communication strategies.