The ionic liquid, 1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidine lactate ([TMG][Lac]), was used as a recyclable catalyst for direct aldol reactions at room temperature without any solvent. The results demonstrated that good chemo- and regio-selectivity could be achieved, and the ionic liquid can be easily recovered and recycled without considerable decrease of activity. The protocol is green and effective for producing β-hydroxyl ketones.
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Zhu et al. (2005) studied this question.
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