Periodic signals for measuring nonlinear Volterra kernels

The frequency-domain measurement of the Volterra kernels of a nonlinear system using periodic multisine signals is now a practical possibility. An analysis is presented of the harmonic output of a Volterra kernel when excited with a multiharmonic signal, which lays the basis for the design of such signals. This is followed by a review of previous work in this area, after which a range of new periodic signals is defined. The minimization of the signal crest factors is then examined, along with the practical problems associated with their application. Practical results are presented which illustrate the application of the signals to testing a reference nonlinear circuit and a servo motor system.